Intervertebral Disk Disease (IVDD)

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a common spinal condition in dogs characterized by the degeneration or herniation of intervertebral discs, which are the soft cushions between the vertebrae. When these discs become compressed, bulge, or rupture, they can impinge on the spinal cord, causing pain, weakness, and neurological deficits. IVDD can manifest acutely, with sudden onset of symptoms, or chronically, with gradual deterioration over time.

There are two main types of IVDD: Hansen Type I, which involves sudden, acute disc herniation typically seen in chondrodystrophic breeds such as Dachshunds and French Bulldogs, and Hansen Type II, which involves gradual degeneration of the intervertebral discs more commonly seen in larger breeds.

Treatment options for IVDD depend on the severity of the condition and the extent of neurological deficits. Mild cases may be managed conservatively with strict rest, pain management, and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling and alleviate discomfort. Canine Rehabilitation modalities such as laser therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, and therapeutic exercises may also be beneficial in promoting healing and improving mobility.